July 2, 2025
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report covers the first detection of PRRSV lineage 1C.2 in North Carolina. The PRRSV case positivity in wean-to-finish remains at 40% in June, which is unusually high for the summer. PRRSV case positivity remains above the expected state-specific baselines in Iowa, Minnesota, South Dakota, and Indiana. Although there is decreased PEDV case positivity across all age categories, the percent positive cases from vehicles and truck washes remains high (17%). PDCoV case positivity is above the state-specific baselines in Missouri, Indiana, Ohio, and North Carolina. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae case positivity increased in wean-to-finish, but most of the positive cases were deep tracheal swabs and lungs collected to prepare homogenate for sow farm exposure. PCV2 and PCV3 case positivity increased moderately with PCV2 being detected predominantly in finishing sites and PCV3 in sow farms. In the podcast, Nicolai Weber, Danish Agriculture & Food Council, discussed Denmark’s strategy for reducing PRRSV at the national level, PRRSV diagnostic strategies applied in the Danish reduction plan, and how similar PRRSV reduction approaches could be adapted in the US.
June 2, 2025
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report covers the increased detection of PRRSV lineages 1C.5 and 1C.2. The PRRSV case positivity in wean-to-finish historically decreases in May; however, the positivity remains above 40% this year. In sow farms, the PRRSV case positivity also continues to increase at an alarming rate. PRRSV L1C.5 doubled the number of 2025 detections in a single month in Iowa, Minnesota, South Dakota, and Indiana. Iowa had 569 detections from January to April 2025 and at the end of May, the cumulative number of detections reached 1,100. Detection of lineage 1C.2 RFLP 1-2-4 also increased in April, becoming the third most detected variant in the US in 2025. PEDV had increased regional case positivity in Iowa, Kansas, Indiana, and North Carolina. PDCoV, PCV2, and IAV case positivity went down in all age categories. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae case positivity remains above the expected in wean-to-finish. The trend of low Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae positivity in sow farms continues with several production systems targeting elimination. In the podcast, Janelle Hamblin, Manitoba Pork, discussed the PEDV elimination plan in Canada, explaining the importance of a PEDV vaccine and non-negotiable points for the US to target PEDV elimination.
May 5, 2025
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings information about the spike in PRRSV case positivity in wean-to-finish sites. Comparing the April PRRSV positivity for finishing sites with previous years’, it was the highest April positivity since 2018. In addition, the PRRSV variant 1C.5.32 had the highest number of detections for any variant in 2025. Together with the original L1C.5 variant, they represented 42% of all the ORF5 sequences recovered from the SDRS participant VDLs. The report includes a bonus page about the new PRRSV nomenclature and its implementation in the SDRS dashboards and BLAST tool. PEDV had increased regional case positivity in sow farms, mainly in Minnesota. As expected, the seasonal spike in influenza A case positivity occurred in April, repeating the trend of increased positivity in the spring season. In the first quarter of 2025, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae had the lowest number of historical confirmed tissue diagnoses. In the podcast, Dr. Kim VanderWaal, University of Minnesota, discussed the new PRRSV nomenclature, PRRSV clonal expansion, and the impact of multiple PRRSV variants detected on farms.
April 2, 2025
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings information about the seasonal decrease in PRRSV case positivity, mainly in wean-to-finish sites. However, Iowa and North Carolina had higher PRRSV case positivity compared to historical data. Also, Iowa has a high diversity of strains circulating, with 26 PRRSV variants detected in 2025. PRRSV lineage 1C.5 detections continue to increase, reaching more than 600 detections in 2025. The report includes a bonus page about TGEV, including details on four years without a single positive case. More than 176,000 cases were submitted across six VDLs, with more than 500,000 RT-PCRs performed and not a single PCR-positive TGEV case. PEDV and PDCoV facilities’ case positivity decreased in March, but overall positivity was above the expected in Indiana. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae case positivity in sow farms decreased, maintaining the promising trend of reduced activity of this pathogen in sow farms. PCV2 case positivity by PCR remains high in the wean-to-market category. However, the PCR Ct values are not as low as in previous periods of PCV2 activity. In the podcast, Dr. Lauren Glowzenski, Pipestone Veterinary Services, discussed the impact of PRRSV diversity, the hypotheses for TGEV disappearance, and strategies for handling pathogen co-infections in farms.
March 3, 2025
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report incorporates a new category for PEDV and PDCoV PCR detection: facilities. This new category includes PCR tests from truck washes, vehicles, and packing plants. With this new facility category, SDRS can monitor enteric coronavirus activity from outside the farms. The report includes a bonus page explaining the latest charts for the facility category. PEDV and PDCoV case positivity increased in the new facility category. Also, PEDV and PDCoV overall positivity was above expected in Indiana. The report brings information about the decreased case positivity of PRRSV in wean-to-finish sites. However, PRRSV lineage 1C.5 is spreading rapidly in 2025, exhibiting a historical record compared with the beginning of previous years. Influenza A case positivity increased in all age categories, with the highest positivity coming from wean-to-finish sites (33%). In the podcast, Dr. Tyler Bauman, herd veterinarian with The Maschhoffs, discussed health management strategies in finishing sites for control and elimination of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, IAV, PEDV, and PRRSV, including the different clinical implications of PRRSV L1C.2 and L1C.5
February 3, 2025
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings information about the increased case positivity of PRRSV in all age categories. Lineages 1C.5, 1C.2, and 1A were predominantly detected in January 2025. The report contains a Bonus page about the PRRSV L1C.2 scenario, showing the record high detection trends of this lineage in 2024. Based on historical data and as expected for this time of the year, the report brings information about an increase in PEDV and PDCoV detection, mainly in wean-to-finish sites. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Influenza A case positivity decreased in January, mainly in the wean-to-market category. PCV2 case positivity remains high in the wean-to-market category with low PCR Ct values in tissue cases. In the podcast, Dr. Paul Yeske, Swine Vet Center, discussed the clinical implications of PRRSV L1C.2, the next steps for the PEDV elimination plan, and M. hyopneumoniae elimination strategies.
January 6, 2025
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings information about a turning point in the case positivity of PRRSV with a moderate decrease in detection for the wean-to-market category (42% in December compared with 46% in November). The positivity was mainly driven by the PRRSV lineage 1C.5, which represented over 50% of all wild-type detections in 2024. PEDV, PDCoV, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and influenza A positivity ended the year following the overall expected detection curve but with above-forecasted detection levels for some state-specific baselines. In the confirmed tissue diagnoses, there were alarms for increased PRRSV, Streptococcus suis, Pasteurella multocida as the three most frequent diagnoses in November and December. The podcast presented by Dr. Guilherme Cezar, SDRS Coordinator, provides a review of 2024 pathogen activity and SDRS project implementations.
December 3, 2024
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report provides information about the highest positivity of PRRSV in the wean-to-market category (50%) since November 2018. This positivity was mainly driven by the PRRSV lineage 1C.5, which had a record number of detections (n=403) within a single month since its emergence. Also, the detection of this lineage broke the 2023 record by 281 cases, with 2,765 detections to date. PEDV positivity increased in November for Iowa, Oklahoma, Minnesota, and Missouri. Influenza A virus positivity increased in sow farms, reaching 36% of positive submissions overall. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae had a decrease in the wean-to-finish positivity (25%) but remains high compared with previous years. In the confirmed tissue diagnosis, there were alarms for increased PRRSV, influenza A virus, Pasteurella multocida, Streptococcus suis, and Mycoplasma hyorhinis. The podcast broadcasts a talk with Dr. Daniel Boykin (Smithfield Foods) about endemic pathogen activity in the US and biosecurity tips for PEDV and PRRSV.
November 4, 2024
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report includes a bonus page about diagnostic data supporting effective Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP) control in breeding herds. SDRS reported increased PRRSV positivity in both sow farms and wean-to-finish sites. PRRSV’s overall positivity was above the expected in Iowa, Oklahoma, Indiana, and South Dakota, with Lineages L1C.5 and L1A being predominantly detected. PEDV positivity started to increase at a regional level, with Iowa, Oklahoma, and Missouri beginning to have more positive cases in October. MHP continues with a high percentage of positive submissions in wean-to-finish sites. However, the advisory group reported that most submissions with MHP testing were due to elimination protocols. In the confirmed tissue diagnosis, there were alarms for increased PRRSV, Influenza A virus, and Pasteurella multocida. The podcast broadcasts a talk with Dr. Lisa Becton (Swine Health Information Center) discussing steps to prepare for the potential increase in pathogen activity in the winter and the efforts to eliminate endemic pathogens in the swine industry.
October 2, 2024
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report includes a survey which asks for your input on the SDRS Strategic Plan. SDRS reports increased PRRSV activity in Iowa, Oklahoma, and South Dakota. The overall PEDV percent case positivity remains low at 4%. However, there is an increase in finishing sites’ PEDV percent case positivity in Kansas above expected levels. For the third consecutive month, an increase in the percent positive case submissions for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in wean-to-finish sites was reported. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae positivity remains steady from the previous month in sow farms, with 12% positive case submissions reported. An increase in case positivity for influenza A virus, mainly in the finishing sites, was noted with the advisory group highlighting that growing animals close to market were more affected. The podcast broadcasts a talk with Dr. Janice Zanella (Embrapa Swine and Poultry, Brazil) about the global scenario of the influenza A virus, the importance of influenza A virus in the swine industry and its public health issues, and finally, strategies for controlling IAV in the farms.
September 5, 2024
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report includes educational material about the new PRRSV ORF5 sequence page, providing stakeholders with an explanation of how to interpret the four new charts. Also, SDRS reports increased PRRSV activity in Iowa, Indiana, Oklahoma, and South Dakota. PEDV and PDCoV positivity remains relatively low with overall 3.25% and 0.7% positive submissions, respectively. For the second consecutive month, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae percentage of positive submissions from wean-to-finish sites increased and lungs represented 35% of samples testing positive, which may indicate increased clinical issues in the field. There was increased positivity of PCV2 and PCV3, with a drop in the average Ct values for oral fluids and processing fluids. The podcast features a talk with Dr. Hemant Naikare, University of Minnesota, about collaborative projects for the swine industry, strategies to recruit folks from rural communities to work on food animal health, how to engage students in the laboratory/diagnostic career, and the importance of veterinary diagnostic laboratories for public health.
August 5, 2024
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings a brand new PRRSV ORF5 sequence page, providing stakeholders four new charts describing the number of sequences retrieved by month, how many sequences are considered new PRRSV strains using the criteria of < 95% similarity within the SDRS database, and a dynamic table with the three most frequently detected strains by State. Also, SDRS reports the second consecutive month of decreased PRRSV positivity, reaching 19% of overall positivity. At a regional level, PRRSV’s overall positivity is above the expected in South Dakota, Oklahoma, and Indiana. PRRSV lineage 1C.2 RFLP 1-2-4 is the predominant strain detected in Illinois and the second most frequently detected in Iowa, calling attention to becoming the third most frequently detected PRRSV strain in the U.S. Regarding enteric coronaviruses, PEDV and PDCoV positivity remains at relatively low levels, with 4% and 1.5% positivity, respectively. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae percentage of positive submissions coming from sow farm and wean-to-finish sites in July increased, having an overall percentage of positive cases above the expected between June 24th and July 8th. The podcast broadcasts a talk with Dr. Jianqiang (JQ) Zhang (Iowa State University) about how to interpret differential PCRs for PEDV genotypes, the global scenario of enteric coronaviruses, and the PEDV elimination task force.
July 3, 2024
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings PEDV PCR genotyping information onboard, providing stakeholders with knowledge on how many samples have been tested, detection of the non-Indel variant (historically more pathogenic), the Indel (considered a milder strain), and samples that had the detection of both. Also, the report brings information about the decrease in PRRSV positivity in June, reaching less than 40% positivity in the wean-to-market submissions. At a regional level, PRRSV’s overall positivity is still above the expected in South Dakota and Indiana. For enteric coronaviruses, PEDV and PDCoV positivity decreased during June, and PDCoV positivity was as low as 1.3% of overall submissions. At the regional level, the PEDV overall positivity is above the expected in Kansas and Ohio. PCV3 and PCV2 had increased positivity in the sow farm category, whereas 65% of submissions were positive for PCV3 and 34% were positive for PCV2. The podcast hosted a talk with Dr. Deb Murray (New Fashion Pork) about farm management and animal health tips for the summer period and strategies for E.coli control upper and downstream.
June 4, 2024
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings information about the PRRSV positivity remaining at high levels in the wean-to-market category, with 41% of submissions being positive. Also, at a state-level monitoring, the overall PRRSV positivity was above the expected in Iowa, South Dakota, and Indiana. For enteric coronaviruses, PEDV and PDCoV positivity continued to decrease as expected for the beginning of the summer, with PEDV having 10% and PDCoV having 3% positive submissions. However, in the state-level monitoring, the overall positivity continues above the expected for PEDV in Kansas and for PDCoV in Minnesota. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was above the expected in the weekly monitoring, with the weeks of May 6 and May 13 increasing positivity, driven mainly by sow farm submissions. The advisory group highlighted the presence of more co-infections in the field with PRRS, mainly bacteria such as Pasteurella multocida, Glaesserella parasuis, and Streptococcus suis. At the ISU-VDL, PRRSV, Streptococcus suis, Influenza A virus, Pasteurella multocida, and Glaesserella parasuis are the top five pathogens diagnosed in submitted tissue cases and also show this pattern of co-diagnosis. The podcast hosts talked with Dr. Luc Dufresene (Demeter Quebec and Swine Veterinary Partners) about regional biosecurity for control & prevention of pathogen spread; tips and tricks for PEDV elimination initiatives; success stories of regional elimination of PEDV and PRRSV L1C.5; and implications of PRRSV diversity.
May 7, 2024
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings the new SDRS PCR dashboard. The new dashboard is a compilation of all the PCR data for the eight pathogens monitored by the project that will be publicly available, enabling our audience to look at the trends of detection over time by specimen, category, and geographic location. Also, the report brings information about the record of PRRSV ORF5 sequences detected as L1C.5 (variant) for the month of April (355). Since its emergence, L1C.5 has never had this amount of detection in a month, except in November of 2022 (405). The majority of the sequences were from wean-to-market sites (190). Also, some specific regions such as Iowa, South Dakota, Indiana, and Illinois have a PRRSV percentage of positive submissions above the expected. For enteric coronaviruses, PEDV and PDCoV positivity continued to decrease during April, achieving low levels of positivity, mainly PDCoV, with 3% of overall positive submissions. However, in the state-level monitoring, the overall positivity continues above the expected for PEDV in Kansas and PDCoV in Minnesota and Missouri. PCV3 substantially increased positivity for the sow farm category, where 63% of submissions were positive. At the ISU-VDL, there were consecutive alarms of the increased number of confirmed diagnoses for PRRSV in tissue cases. Podcast hosts talked with Dr. Cameron Schmitt (Pipestone) about Influenza A virus monitoring and control strategies.
April 1, 2024
March 4, 2024
February 5, 2024
January 2, 2024
December 5, 2023
November 7, 2023
October 4, 2023
September 5, 2023
August 3, 2023
July 3, 2023
June 3, 2023
May 2, 2023
April 3, 2023
March 3, 2023
February 6, 2023
January 3, 2023
December 5, 2022
November 1, 2022
October 4, 2022
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings onboard Influenza A virus subtype detection by PCR data from all five participating veterinary diagnostic laboratory with a historical summary highlighted on the SDRS bonus page. Also, the SDRS reports increased activity of PRRSV in wean-to-finish sites, mainly in South Dakota, Nebraska, Missouri, Indiana, and Oklahoma. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae also had an increase in detection in grow-finish sites, with some relationship with the increased PRRSV activity. PDCoV detection is still low across the US, having no positive submissions in the week of September 12. In the podcast, SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Andrew Bowman, associate professor at The Ohio State University, about the dynamics of Influenza A virus bi-directional transmission. They also talk about IAV spillover cases in agricultural state fairs and the importance of IAV vaccination in decreasing public health risks.
September 6, 2022
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report reveals increased detected activity of a PRRSV strain classified as Lineage 1C RFLP 1-2-4 across the US. August 2022 had the lowest level of PDCoV detection since 2018. Even though there was a considerable reduction in the PEDV percentage of positive submissions tested by RT-PCR, reports are still above forecasted levels since the end of January 2022.
In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Jianqiang Zhang, a professor at Iowa State University and a diagnostic virologist focusing on swine medicine, about PRRSV isolation, comparison of PRRSV sequences from virus isolates versus clinical samples, and updates on clinical consequences of PRRSV 1-4-4 L1C variant infection.
August 1, 2022
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report reveals a within-expected RT-PCR detection for PRRSV for July. However, PRRSV detection in three states (Nebraska, Missouri, and Indiana) remains above state-specific baseline levels, with RFLP 1-4-4 L1C variant being predominantly detected in two of the three states (Nebraska and Missouri). Also, a non-expected increase of respiratory agents activity in the summer, such as a moderate increase in Influenza A virus in the RT-PCR positive detection in the wean-to-market category, and overall increased positive PCR detection for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is noted.
In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Marcelo Almeida, clinical assistant professor at Iowa State University and diagnostician at ISU-VDL, about post-weaning colibacillosis, APP outbreak investigation, and the importance of population-based samples for disease monitoring.
June 3, 2022
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report reveals a moderate decrease in PCR detection for PRRSV and PEDV. However, PEDV overall RT-PCR detection in six states (NC, KS, NE, IA, MO, and MN) and PRRSV detection in two states (NE and MO) remains above state-specific baseline levels. Also, PCV2 had a marked increase in the PCR detection in the wean-to-market category. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Fernando Bortolozzo, Professor at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), about pre-weaning mortality: USA x Latin America, the importance of day one care, cross-fostering, and colostrum intake, and implementations to improve pre-weaning mortality. The Swine Disease Reporting System podcast is now on Spotify, Apple podcast, Google podcast, and Amazon Music.
June 3, 2022
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings information about an overall moderate decrease in detection of PRRSV and PEDV in May. Even though this is the case, some regions still have activity of PRRSV (NE, IL, IN, and MO) and PEDV (NC, KS, IA, MO, and MN) above state-specific baseline levels. Also, this month’s report brings the predominant PRRSV strains detected in the states with high activity. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Guilherme Cezar, the new SRDRS coordinator, about his experience in animal health management, disease management, control, and his roles and contributions to the US swine industry under the SDRS project.
May 3, 2022
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings onboard porcine circovirus type 2 virus DNA detection by qPCR data from all five participating veterinary diagnostic laboratories with a historical summary highlighted on the SDRS bonus page. There was increased activity of PRRSV in some particular regions, i.e., Missouri and Nebraska. The activity of PEDV is still above expected levels since the end of January, with increased activity in Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, and North Carolina. In the podcast, SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Dustin Oedekoven, chief veterinarian at the National Pork Board and current president of the United States Animal Health Association, about FAD preparedness, the importance of collaboration between regulatory and industry organizations, and the application of tools for controlling/monitoring endemic pathogens.
April 5, 2022
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings onboard Influenza A virus RNA detection by RT-PCR data from all five participating veterinary diagnostic labs with a historical summary highlighted on the SDRS bonus page. There was increased activity of PRRSV at a regional level in some particular areas, i.e., Missouri, Nebraska, Illinois, and Indiana. PEDV activity is still above expected levels since the end of January. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Brigitte Mason, field veterinarian at Country View Family Farms, Dr. Paul Yeske, veterinarian and partner at Swine Vet Center, Dr. Phillip Gauger, head of the molecular section at ISU-VDL, and Dr. Tara Donovan, leader of the health assurance team at Hanor Company, about recent advancements in PRRSV management, strategic FAD surveillance, low-hanging fruits in biosecurity, and how to take full advantage of diagnostic data for animal health decision making.
March 1, 2022
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report fully brings onboard the Ohio Animal Disease and Diagnostic Laboratory PCR data. There was increased activity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in some particular regions during February. More intense activity of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has been detected, with levels of detection being above expected throughout February. The SDRS bonus page brings results of a PRRSV L1C variant virulence study experiment. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with SDRS VDL champions, Drs. Main, Matias-Ferreyra, Prarat, Pillatzki, and Torrison, about their perspective and vision on the major contributions of the SDRS collaborative effort to help swine stakeholders make informed decisions to improve animal health and protect the national food sovereignty.
February 1, 2022
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows a moderate decrease in detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in wean-to-market sites. Overall, there have been three consecutive year-over-year increases in submissions and positivity of PRRSV PCRs. In the second half of January, more intense activity of enteric coronavirus, i.e., porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), has been detected. The levels of PEDV detection were above expected in the last week of January. The SDRS bonus page brings a 2021 PRRV strains detection retrospective. In the podcast, Drs. Linhares, Magalhães, and Trevisan discuss the report, potential reasons for the observed changes, and the information presented on each page of the PDF report.
January 3, 2022
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows that a moderate increase in detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in breeding herds occurred in December and agreed with past reports that have highlighted that spike in grow-finish pigs (seen since September) usually is followed by increased activity in breeding herds. Detection of enteric coronavirus, i.e., porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine deltacorona virus (PDCoV), transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE), and M. hyopneumoniae by PCR are according to forecasted levels for this time of the year. The SDRS bonus page brings a 2021 SDRS retrospective. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Luc Dufresne, Director of Veterinary Services at Seaboard Foods, about his experiences in animal health management, disease management, control, and his vision for the swine industry to better handle animal health interventions for major agents.
December 2, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows a moderate increase in detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in breeding herds occurred in November. This finding agrees with past reports that have highlighted spikes in grow-finish pigs (seen since September) usually are followed by increased activity in breeding herds. Detection of enteric coronaviruses, i.e., porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV), transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE), and M. hyopneumoniae, by PCR are at expected levels for this time of the year. In the podcast, SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Peter Schneider, field veterinarian at Innovative Agriculture Solutions, LLC, about his experience on animal health management, disease management, control, and his advice to the swine industry to better handle animal health interventions.
November 2, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows a substantial increase in detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in the wean-to-market category was associated with a new wave of detection of PRRSV RFLP 1-4-4 L1C variant strain. Also, a moderate increase in PEDV detection in the age category wean-to-market was observed in October. The advisory group has suggested that there may be an opportunity for a national plan to control and eliminate PEDV. Levels of detection of M. hyopneumoniae by PCR are at expected levels for this time of year. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Brigitte Mason, health assurance veterinarian from Country View Family Farms, about her experience with animal health management, disease management, control, and her advice to the swine industry to better handle animal health interventions.
October 4, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report now includes the Ohio Animal Disease and Diagnostic Laboratory (OH ADDL) joining the network. A similar overall level of detection for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and enteric coronavirus occurred when compared to August. Even though the levels of detection were similar, a trend for an increase in detection of PRRSV and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in the age category wean-to-market was observed in September. In the podcast, the SDRS team welcomes, and hosts talk with, the OH ADDL team.
September 1, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows that a moderate decrease on the overall porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and the PRRSV RFLP 1-4-4 L1C variant strain was observed. Even though a lowering in the detection of enteric coronavirus occurred, similar to July detection for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in the age category wean-to-market was observed in August. A moderate increase in the detection of M. hyopneumoniae by PCR and signals on the disease diagnosis monitoring were identified. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. John Deen, University of Minnesota, about his experience on animal health management, control, and how to intervene to improve sows’ longevity. The bonus page provided by Dr. Holtkamp, Iowa State University, brings international benchmarking of key performance indicators in pork production.
August 2, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows a moderate decrease on the overall detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and the PRRSV RFLP 1-4-4 L1C variant strain. As expected by the forecasting models, there was lowering in the detection of enteric coronaviruses and a moderate increase in the detection of M. hyopneumoniae by PCR. There were also signals on the disease diagnosis for Mhp, based on diagnostic codes assigned by veterinary diagnosticians. Signals were also observed E. coli and salmonellas diagnosis. In the podcast, Drs. Trevisan, Magalhaes, and Linhares talk about PRRSV surveillance, management, control, and how to intervene to improve animal health.
July 6, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows a moderate decrease on the overall PRRS virus detection. However, detection of the PRRSV RFLP 1-4-4 L1C variant strain continues to be very active in the midwestern region, especially in the wean-to-market age category. A new tool to compare RFLP vs. lineage detections has been launched on the SDRS project website (www.fieldepi.org/SDRS). A moderate decrease in detection of PDCoV and PEDV was observed in June. In the podcast, SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Montserat Torremorell about her experience on surveillance of Influenza A, her thoughts on the PRRSV RFLP 1-4-4 L1C variant strain epidemic, and how to intervene to improve animal health.
June 1, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to be very active, especially in wean to market age category. A second wave of detections for the PRRSV RFLP 1-4-4 L1C variant strain was detected. After a couple of months with a continued increase in detection of PDCoV, during May PDCoV detection has had a moderate decrease in the age categories adult/sow farm and wean to market. The advisory group has shared their practical points for preventing a new wave of pathogens activity for the upcoming fall and winter seasons in the report as well. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Paul Yeske about his experience on handling the PRRSV RFLP 1-4-4 L1C variant strain since its emergence and in the second wave and how to intervene to improve animal health.
May 4, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) had a moderate increase in detection from March. Porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) activity observed since January is explained by increased testing following outbreaks observed in sow farms and viral activity in grow-finish animals. In the SDRS data, a site may have turned positive, kept submitting samples for testing, and obtained positive results over time but information on the incidence level was not known. Higher incidence is assumed because of the positivity in some regions. During the last year, since May 2020, only eight cases tested positive for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was within expected levels for this time of year. At a state level, PRRSV detection was three standard deviations above expected in Nebraska, Ohio, and North Carolina; and PDCoV in Kansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, and North Carolina. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Eric Burrough about disease diagnosis coding and trends, and implications for researchers, diagnosticians, and practitioners.
April 5, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) detection was similar to February. A substantial decrease in PRRSV detection in wean-to-market animals was observed. Based on PRRSV detection, ORF-5 sequences, and disease diagnosis reports, and also based on input from the advisory group, the PRRSV 1-4-4 Lineage 1C variant (144 L1Cv) situation is not further spreading or becoming an epidemic. We will continue to monitor the situation closely. March 2021 had a record-high number of cases tested for porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) in the US. PDCoV detection was the highest since the PDCoV-epidemic year of 2014. On the other hand, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae reached the lowest level of detection for the year 2021. At the state level, PRRSV detection was three standard deviations above expected in Nebraska and Ohio. PDCoV was three standard deviations above expected in Kansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, and North Carolina. In a recorded interview, Drs. Trevisan, Magalhaes, and Linhares reflect on the main SDRS findings so far in 2021 and educate the users on how to use the newly launched disease diagnosis web-tool.
March 2, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus detection was similar to January 2021, with a small decrease in positivity in sow herds, but increase in wean-to-market animals. PRRSV RFLP 1-4-4 Lineage 1C variant continues to be associated with severe clinical signs, especially in grow-finish sites. There was a moderate increase in detection for porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) in wean-to-market animals. That increase was regional. There was a moderate decrease in Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. At a state level, PRRS virus detection was three standard deviations above expected in Nebraska, Ohio, and Indiana; and PDCoV was three standard deviations above expected in Kansas, Oklahoma, and North Carolina. The SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Cesar Corzo (Morrison Swine Health Monitoring Project) about his observations on recent pathogen activity in the US swine herd.
February 4, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) detection had a moderate decrease from December 2020 to January 2021, mostly contributed by a substantial decrease in detection in wean-to-market animals. There was a moderate increase in detection for porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) in adult/sow farm animals. There was a moderate decrease in Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. At a state level, PDCoV detection was three standard deviations above expected in Kansas and Oklahoma. Drs. Trevisan, Magalhaes, and Linhares reflect on the main findings and contributions of the SDRS to the swine industry in 2020, and leak some of what is cooking for 2021 in the related podcast.
January 4, 2021
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) detection was on the upper boundaries of the forecasted model at the end of November and beginning of December. There was a moderate increase in detection for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in adult/sow farms, and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) in wean-to-market animals. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection was similar to November. At a state level, PRRSV detection was three standard deviations above expected in Minnesota, Iowa, South Dakota, Nebraska, Missouri, and Indiana, PEDV in Illinois, PDCoV in Oklahoma and Illinois. The SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Deb Murray (New Fashion Pork) about her experiences using and applying veterinary diagnostic data for disease management and control in this month’s podcast.
December 1, 2020
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) detection was on the upper boundaries of the forecasted model at the end of October and beginning of November, mostly from a substantial increase in detection from wean-to-market animals. During November, a moderate increase in PRRSV detection in the age category adult sow farm was observed. The October detection levels for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP) were similar from October. At a state level, PRRSV detection was three standard deviations above expected in Minnesota, Iowa, South Dakota, Nebraska, Missouri, and Indiana. A seasonal increase in the number of disease diagnosis for PRRSV, Influenza A, S.suis, G.parasuis, B. bronchiseptica, and P. multocida was detected. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Clayton Johnson, of Carthage Veterinary Services, about his experiences in using and applying veterinary diagnostic data for disease management and control.
November 3, 2020
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows a moderate increase in case positivity for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), mostly contributed by a substantial increase in detection from wean-to-market animals. The October detection levels for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were similar from September. At a state level, PRRSV detection was three standard deviations above expected in Minnesota, Iowa, South Dakota, Nebraska, Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Tara Donovan about her experiences in leveraging veterinary diagnostic and swine production information to support data-driven decisions to improve further the health, welfare, and productivity of swine populations.
October 5, 2020
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows a substantial increase in case positivity for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and a moderate increase for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) cases in September compared to August in wean-to-market animals. A moderate increase in the detection of PEDV in the adult/sow farm category was also presented. Detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae had a substantial increase in all age categories, as predicted by the forecasted model. At a state level, detection of PRRSV was three standard deviations above expected in Missouri, Nebraska, and Indiana. In the podcast, SDRS hosts talk with Mark Schwartz about a producer experience in using veterinary diagnostic data-driven decisions to improve animal health. They also discuss disease management’s economics and the value of year-round disease monitoring and surveillance to apply practical interventions.
September 1, 2020
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows a similar overall case positivity for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) cases in August compared to July. Detection for these agents was within expected parameters for this time of the year. Overall, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is following an expected trend of increased detection. At the state level, detection of PRRSV was three standard deviations above expected in Missouri (MO). In the podcast, the SDRS hosts talk with Dr. Derald Holtkamp about strategies to keep disease activity low. They also discuss the economics of disease management and the value of year around biosecurity practices.
August 4, 2020
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows a moderate decrease of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) cases in July compared to June, down substantially in wean-to-market category. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)-positive cases were down moderately in July compared to June as well and within expected boundaries for this time of year. Detection of porcine delta coronoavirus (PDCoV) was also within the expected boundaries for this time of year. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP)-positive cases in July were similar June and also within expected boundaries.
July 7, 2020
In the July Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report, we learn porcine reproductive and respiratory (PRRS) virus cases dropped in June compared to May. Overall detection of PRRSV-positive cases was in the upper boundaries of the forecasted levels for the first three weeks of June. The overall percentage of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) RNA-positive cases in June also decreased compared to May and were within expected boundaries of forecasted levels for this time of year. Porcine delta coronoavirus (PDCoV) cases were just slightly lower in June compared to May and there was one positive case of TGEV RNA in June 2020. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-positive cases in June were within the forecasted levels for this time of year.
June 2, 2020
In the June Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report, we learn the overall percentage of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) positive cases in May was similar to the previous month. Wean-to-market cases were slightly up. Comparing January – April 2020 to the same four months of 2019, the number of PRRSV cases was up 6.49%. The overall percentage of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) RNA-positive cases in May was down compared to April, however, this was not the case for the adult/sow category where detection remained similar to the prior month. The overall percentage of porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) positive cases in May was down compared to April as well and within forecasted levels for this time of year. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP) positive cases in May were within the forecasted levels, also.
May 5, 2020
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus positive cases in April were down over March per the most recent Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report (DSDMR) and within the forecasted levels for this time of the year. The DSDMR advisory group pointed out COVID-19-related packing plant shutdowns have led to the retention of animals in the field and caused negative market impact. They also noted this may affect the implementation of health interventions, as well as cause disruptions of pigs and people flows. Altogether, these factors can lead to increased pressure of pathogen infection in the field in the near term. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine deltacorona virus (PDCoV) cases were also down in April compared to March. Both were in forecasted levels for this time of year. The overall percentage of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae positive cases in April was within the forecasted levels, down from March levels.
April 7, 2020
In the April report, we learn porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus cases were up in March over February with detection on sow farms the highest level since March 2013. This was unsurprising due to favorable climate for virus spread during March. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) cases were down in March over February in all age categories. Porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) cases were up slightly in March over February following expected seasonality. Mycoplasma pneumonia (MHP) cases were down in March as well, also following expectations.
March 4, 2020
In this month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report, the overall percentage of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)-positive cases in February were down from January in all age groups and sample types. It was noted genetic variability of PRRSV is still increasing. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) RNA-positive cases in February were up from January in Iowa, Illinois, and Minnesota. The overall percentage of porcine deltacorona virus (PDCoV)-positive cases was down from January. Both PEDV and PDCoV positive cases are within forecasted levels for this time of year. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP)-positive cases in February were down from January in all age categories. MHP detection also followed the expected predicted decrease for this period of the year.
February 5, 2020
In the February report, we learn porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) positive cases reported in January were down compared to December in all age groups and sample types. This data corresponds to the Morrison’s Swine Health Monitoring Program which reports a relatively low PRRS incidence in sow farms compared to previous years. The overall percentage of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) RNA positive cases in January was slightly up from December with increased detection observed in cases from Minnesota and North Carolina. The overall percentage of porcine deltacorona virus (PDCoV) positive cases in January was slightly down from December. Both PEDV and PDCoV RNA positive cases are within forecasted levels for this time of year. The overall percentage of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae positive cases in January was slightly up from December, mostly driven by samples with unknown information for age category.
January 7, 2020
The overall percentage of PRRSV positive cases in December for adult/sow farms was 24.99%. This level of detection for the adult/sow farm is the highest since 2013 for the months of November and December. After four months of consecutive increase in percentage of PRRS positive results for wean to market cases, there was a decrease in the percentage of positive results in December. The number of PRRSV positive cases from December 1 to 28 was above expected in Minnesota and Nebraska. The overall percentage of PEDV RNA positive cases in December was 15.64%. Increased detection of PEDV RNA above expected levels December 1 to 14 was mostly driven by wean-to-market cases, primarily from Iowa. The percentage of PEDV RNA positive cases for adult/sow farm cases was 8.46% in December, the lowest historical December level for adult/sow farm. The overall percentage of PDCoV RNA positive cases in December was 4.59%. Increased detection of PDCoV RNA above expectations December 1 to 22 was mostly driven by wean-to-market animals, primarily from Iowa. There were four positive cases for TGEV RNA over a total of 2,802 cases tested in December. All positive cases were detected in Iowa. The level of detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae during December followed the expected predicted decrease in detection for this period of the year.
December 3, 2019
In the December report, the percentage of positive porcine reproductive and respiratory syndromve virus (PRRSV) cases in November was 26.15%, up from 22.65% in October, with increased detection in all age categories. The increase follows the predicted expectation for the period. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) overall positive cases in November were at 13.97%, up from 10.82% in October. The increased detection of PEDV RNA was above expected, mostly driven by wean-to-market animals. The overall porcine deltacorona virus (PDCoV) percentage of positive cases in November was at 4.18%, up from 2.13% in October. There was a signal for increased detection of M. hyopneumoniae above expected in November. Details on these and other monitoring results are included in the full report.
November 5, 2019
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) positive cases were up in October over September in all age categories, per seasonal expectations. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine delta corona virus (PDCoV) detection in October also increased as expected. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP) positive cases were slightly higher than expected for October. From September 1 to October 19, there was an increased number of cases diagnosed with Influenza virus A at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Lab, though it is not associated with more severity of the disease.
October 1, 2019
The percentage of positive porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) cases from wean-to-market age category in September was at 35.52%, up slightly from August for the second consecutive month. There was also an increase in the total number of cases tested, 376 in September compared to 340 in August. Cooler nights during the end of August and during September have been pointed to by the advisory council as a contributing factor for the recent increase in detection of wean-to-market animals. The level of detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) RNA during September for the age category wean-to-market was at 12.98%, which was similar to August. The level of detection of PEDV during September in adult/sow farms is 5.24%, the historical lowest since PEDV entered the US. The level of detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in the age category of adult/sows was 32.5% in August, the highest monthly level of detection for this agent in this category during the last three years. Complete details are included in the full report as well as the new disease diagnosis tracking information.
September 3, 2019
During August, PRRSV activity was at the lower boundaries for the predicted value for 2019. Higher detection of PRRSV in wean-to-market pigs was reviewed by the Advisory Council with several potential causes identified. The level of detection of PEDV RNA during late August was slightly above the expected value for this period of the year. The Advisory Council saw two potential causes for the increase in detection of PEDV in the wean-to-market category. Detection of PDCoV RNA was within the expected values for August. There were no positive cases for TGEV over a total of 2,235 cases tested in August. There was a trend of increasing the level of detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae DNA in all age categories in August. However, the increased detection for this period of the year is more accentuated for the age category adult/sow farms. In August, there was no disease diagnosis alert signals detected for the following monitored systems: nervous, urogenital, digestive, respiratory, systemic, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular-blood-endocrine-immune. In other words, the number of cases having each disease diagnosis was within the expected based on historic data.
August 5, 2019
During July, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSv) activity was at the lower boundaries of the predicted value for 2019. Positive cases from the wean-to-market age group were at 28.75%, the lowest since July 2015. The percentage of positive cases coming from the adult/sow category was at the lowest level of detection for the year of 2019 at 17.68%. The level of detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) RNA, and of porcine deltacorona virus (PDCoV) RNA were both within the expected values for July, with decreased detection for all age categories. Even though the number of cases tested and the level of detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP) DNA was within the expected value for July, there was an increased detection observed in the last four weeks from all age categories, as expected based on historical data for this time of the year. Additionally, the July report contains information on redesigned dashboards for the Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report.
July 2, 2019
In this month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report, it is reported porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) activity remains within predicted values for 2019. There was a slight decrease in PRRSV diagnoses in wean-to-market pigs from May (37.81%) to June (36.52%), however, it increased to 44.53% during the first full week of June. This increase was mostly due to cases in North Carolina and Iowa. The percentage of positive cases in adult/sow animals decreased to 20.87% in June, the lowest level of detection for 2019 in this phase. The level of detection of enteric coronaviruses were within expected values in June with decreased diagnoses in all age categories. None of the 2288 cases tested for transmissible gastroenteritis virus in June were positive. The report also notes changes in recording and reporting of diagnostic codes at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Lab so there are no enteric, respiratory, nor central nervous system results in this edition. The online dashboards will be updated once the new system is in place, which is expected in July 2019.
June 4, 2019
The Swine Health Information Center’s June Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows PRRSV activity continues to remain in predicted values though the highest number of cases for 2019 were tested in May. PEDV and PDCoV detection by PCR were also within expected values in May with the highest number of cases for the year tested for each virus. Positive cases of TGEV continued to decline. The report notes the overall detection of MHP by PCR is within expected values though there was a substantial increase in positive cases among adult sows from April to May. Diagnoses of respiratory syndromes for spring this year compared to last is similar. There was a 28.47% increase in the number of enteric diagnoses for spring 2019 compared to last year. Details are included in the full report.
May 7, 2019
The Swine Health Information Center’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report for May 2019 shows PRRSV activity remained within the predicted values for 2019 to date. The level of detection of PEDV by PCR was within expected values for April with a 3 percentage point drop in positive results from March to April this year. PDCoV detection level was above expected in mid-April and Monitoring Report advisors said some sow farms experiencing outbreaks had clinical signs of the virus. Streptoccoccus suis (S. suis) continues to be the major agent detected on CNS tissue, however, in March and April there were an increased number of Pestivirus, Porcine Sapelovirus, and salt intoxication detections on CNS tissue when compared to the same time frame in 2018 and 2017. There was also an increase in detection of the following respiratory insultants this spring compared to 2018: Haemophilus parasuis, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, and Mycoplasma hyorhinis.
April 2, 2019
The Swine Health Information Center April Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report features a new online portal for viewing full report dashboards. The new page does not require a log in for viewing report data, providing better access to the information on domestic disease diagnoses. In March, the data showed the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome season has been relatively quiet and is expected to remain so. There were more cases of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus than expected at the end of March. And increased detection resulted in higher than expected incidents of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.
March 5, 2019
In the March Swine Health Information Center Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report, it was stated monthly cases tested for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRS) decreased since the peak in November 2018. It was noted this is in agreement with perception this PRRS season is relatively quiet. Detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PED) by PCR was above expected one week in February though returned to predicted value. Detection of porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) by PCR was above expected at the end of the reporting period. Other diseases were reported at or near previous winter seasons.
February 4, 2019
The Swine Health Information Center’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report shows both porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PED) are being reported at expected levels. PRRSV has been stable since October 2018. And while PED has been at expected levels, there has been a slight increase in reported cases over the last three months. There was a high detection of porcine deltacoronavirus in the second week of January 2019. And porcine circoviruses (PCV2 and 3 combined) and Bordetella bronchiseptica have both been diagnosed at higher levels than the previous two winter seasons.
January 9, 2019
The Swine Health Information Center’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report this week shows expected activity in December. Data for the report is collected from the Veterinary Diagnostic Labs at Iowa State, South Dakota State, and Kansas State Universities as well as the University of Minnesota. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome detection decreased in December after two months of increase and remained in the predicted range the last three weeks of 2018. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus detection by PCR also continues to meet expected values which means an increase in activity for the same time frame based on previous years’ reports. Streptoccocus suis remains the major agent causing CNS. For the beginning of 2019 winter, porcine circovirus had a greater percentage of detection, but similar number of cases, when compared with full winter season of previous years.
December 4, 2018
Few monitored diseases were above expected or predicted level in the November domestic swine disease report from the Swine Health Information Center (SHIC). Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus was one of those above expected levels. A trend to increasing positivity in adult/sow and unknown categories was noted. There was a spike in porcine delta corona virus PCR positive tests but only a limited number of transmissible gastro enteritis cases. Accession ID cases investigated for central nervous system (CNS) issues rose with nearly 9 percent more in November 2018 than the same month in 2017. The number of cases per agent have similar distribution this fall, compared to the same season of previous years. Streptoccocus suis is still the major agent causing CNS. Detection of influenza A (IAV) as a single agent was less frequently detected in 2018 than previous Fall seasons of 2017 and 2016.
November 5, 2018
In October 2018, greater than 6,000 porcine reproductive and respiratory (PRRS) PCR cases were reported for the first time in a single month. This volume perhaps indicates the beginning of the PRRS season for the 2018-2019 winter. Level of detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) by PCR continues to meet the expected value, indicating the increased detection level is within the expected for the beginning of the winter season. Porcine deltacoronavirus PCR testing still has positivity above expected for the year of 2018. There was one case of E. rhusiopathiae in the 2018 fall season, and similar detection number for porcine corona virus 2, and PSV for 2018 and 2017 fall seasons. There were two cases of pestivirus (Shaker Pig Syndrome) for fall season of 2018, which is above the same season of 2016 and 2017. Association of influenza A virus and S. suis (IAV S. suis) in respiratory tissues was more frequent in fall season of 2018 than previous years. L. intracellularis (L.intra) and Salmonellas (Salm) had increased frequency of detection in fall seasons over the recent years. From the last report information, coccidia (COCC) continues to be a frequently detected agent. All COCC cases were diagnosed as enteritis.
October 1, 2018
The October Domestic Disease Monitoring Report shows porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSv) RNA detection level has been within the predicted values in the previous nine weeks. The pattern of detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDv) RNA continues to meet the expected values. Porcine deltacorona virus (PDCoV) detection has returned to expected values though there has been a relative increase in detection of this virus in the last three weeks of every year since 2015. Based on the predicting model, it is expected a relative increase in PEDv and PDCoV should be expected upcoming weeks. Fall 2018 is starting with detection of respiratory virus cases similar to this time in previous years. COCC is appearing between the top 10 agents detected on enteric tissues. As a comparison, there were 12 cases in September, October, and November 2017, and 14 cases in the three months of 2016.
September 4, 2018
The September Domestic Disease Monitoring Report shows porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is at predicted values for the summer while porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is moving toward predicted values. Regarding central nervous system agents, Streptococcus suis was the major one detected this summer. It was noted Haemophilus parasuis slightly increased detection when compared with previous years. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, Influenza A virus, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were the three major agents detected on respiratory cases this summer. Mycoplasma hyorhinis appears one of the more frequent agents detected this summer, perhaps due recent increase in requests for testing along with more accurate coding for the information by diagnosticians. The combination Haemophilus parasuis and Mycoplasma hyorhinis has increased in 2018 when compared to 2016 and 2017.
Rotavirus, PEDV, Lawsonia intracellularis, E. coli, and Salmonella sp. are the most frequent agents detected on enteric tissue this summer. Since the introduction of PEDV, the overall number of enteric cases testing positive increased over time. With the introduction of PEDV in 2013 and PDCoV in 2014 to the US swine industry, the dynamic of detection of enteric agents changed significantly. Transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus has been practically undetected on enteric tissue since 2013. Also, the proportion of Brachyspira spp cases has decreased, perhaps due to improvements on biosecurity and implementation of programs to control and eliminate the pathogen in production systems. This summer, Rotavirus and E. coli, followed by Rotavirus and PEDV, were the most frequent agent detected with multiple occurrence on enteric tissue.
August 6, 2018
In the July domestic disease monitoring report, for the first time, data on porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) came from the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Lab (VDL) and South Dakota State University Animal Disease Research Diagnostic Lab with contribution from the University of Minnesota and Kansas State University VDLs. This is a result of the project the Swine Health Information Center (SHIC) coordinated and partially funded to streamline the way the VDLs report and share their data.
July 2, 2018
The July SHIC Domestic Disease Monitoring Report shows PRRS activity still above the predicted value for 2018, with a recent spike in sow farms. There is a seasonal pattern of detection of respiratory agents, with summer having relatively lower detection of respiratory agents when compared to other seasons. There was an increase on detection rate of pathogens associated with respiratory disease in 2017 and 2018 compared to previous years. This increase in detection rate may be associated with implementation of better diagnostic practices by field veterinarians contributing for higher number of submissions for agent detection. Viral agents such as PRRSV, IAV, and circovirus have been detected frequently in respiratory cases with multiple agents.
May 2, 2018
There has been a recent increase in cases testing positive for PRRS virus by rRT-PCR. The domestic disease monitoring project advisory group reached consensus that this is possibly due to a) increased use of processing fluid to monitor sow herds, and b) increased PRRS virus activity in grow/finish pigs. There has been a significant increase of processing fluids to test for PRRS virus on sow farms. This specimen was not reported in previous years, and in 2018 accounted for more than 5 percent of total the submissions at the participating VDLs for PRRS rRT-PCR testing.
Deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) activity continues high relative to predicted values based on previous years. There was a 19 percent increase in the number of Central Nervous System (CNS) cases in 2017 compared to 2016. Partial data for spring 2018 indicates a 30 to 40 percent increase in CNS disease compared to spring months of 2017. Streptoccocus suis has been the main pathogen associated with CNS disease.
The May Swine Health Information Center-funded Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report PRRS data now includes data from the Iowa State University and University of Minnesota veterinary diagnostic labs. Work to integrate other disease information and laboratories into the report continues.
April 5, 2018
The second Swine Health Information Center (SHIC) domestic disease monitoring report includes veterinary diagnostic laboratory (VDL) information about porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and porcine enteric coronavirus (PEDV) testing, documents an increased porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) detection, as well as news on an increase in central nervous system (CNS) tissue submission.
This VDL collaborative project is aided by an advisory group to help give context to the data and interpret it. The goal is to aggregate swine diagnostic data from participating reporting VDLs then present it in an intuitive format via shared reports and web dashboards. The current report uses Iowa State University VDL information to refine the template with plans to add additional VDLs as soon as possible.
Per the report, sequences requested for PRRSV in the first three months of 2018 were up 16 percent over the same time period in 2017, suggesting increased interest in better characterizing viruses during outbreaks. Data further show a significant increase in percentage of cases testing positive for PRRSV by rRT-PCR, which may be an indication of increased PRRSV activity this winter.
Similarly, the report reflects PEDV information consistent with ongoing, expected incidence of positive testing and anecdotal data on an increase in PDCoV detection. The advisory group’s perception is that the PDCoV increase may be related to clinical disease in suckling pigs, as well as non-clinical, incidental, PDCoV detection in finishing-age pigs.
Information on the incidence of CNS pathogens are based on their identification in tissues from clinical CNS cases. Data show a significant increase in submission of tissues related to clinical CNS signs, again consistent with reports from the field on increased CNS cases.
SHIC’s domestic disease monitoring report describes dynamics of disease detection by pathogen over time, specimen, age group, and geographical space. These reports, as well as SHIC’s global disease monitoring reports, are posted on the SHIC website: www.swinehealth.org and accessible from the homepage navigation menu under Disease Monitoring.
This month’s Domestic Swine Disease Monitoring Report brings the 2023 highlights, including the major findings regarding the swine pathogens monitored in the project. Also, the report brings information about the spike in the PRRSV positivity in the wean-to-market category, completing the fourth month of increased positivity. At a regional level, PRRSV overall positivity continues above expected in Iowa, Illinois, and Ohio. For enteric coronaviruses, PEDV positivity increased in all age categories, raising the alarm for upcoming months. At a regional level, PEDV’s overall percentage of positive submissions is above the expected in Missouri and North Carolina. For influenza A virus and PCV2, overall positivity remains similar as in November, with over 33% and 40% of positive submissions, respectively. Even though there were only a small number of cases, there were signals for an increased number of <em>Trueperella pyogenes</em>, <em>Mycoplasma hyorhinis</em>, and PEDV confirmed tissue diagnoses at Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Lab. In the podcast, the SDRS hosts discussed the highlights of 2023, going through the major findings of each pathogen monitored by the project.March 1 ,2018
The Swine Health Information Center (SHIC) has posted the first monthly domestic swine disease monitoring report. The report is the result of the veterinary diagnostic lab (VDL) data standardization project SHIC supported. Beginning with monitoring of PEDv, PDCoV, and PRRS, the model describes dynamics of disease detection by pathogen over time, specimen, age group, and geographical space. Additional diseases will be included as the program is refined.
The domestic monitoring report is a SHIC-funded, veterinary diagnostic laboratory collaborative project. An advisory group has been formed to help give context to the data and interpret it. The goal is to aggregate swine diagnostic data from participating reporting VDLs then present it in an intuitive format via shared reports and web dashboards. The report uses data from VDL cases with molecular tests (PCR-based assays and virus genotyping) for these viruses. For this first report, all data was from the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. The University of Minnesota VDL will incorporate their data beginning with the next report.
To implement infectious disease control and management, precise, science-based information is required. By funding this project, SHIC leads the industry toward better swine health information to positively impact the long-term sustainability of pork production. The near real-time information on swine disease made available by this system will enable better, faster, and more effective response to endemic or foreign infectious diseases. The result is a stronger, more vibrant U.S. pork industry.
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